Basically the answer is No.
If the email does not generate a Non Delivery Report, you have no idea if it has been delivered or not.
Most mail that gets rejected is treated as spam. If mail servers were configured to send out a message to say that your message was deleted, then that would also get treated as spam and would result in their server getting blacklisted.
97% of emails sent currently are supposedly spam (http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/technology/7988579.stm) so to reply to these email would double the volume of spam and thus would be conter productive.
Email is not a guaranteed method of communication and this should be remembered. Most people assume that a message that is sent it going to be delivered, but this cannot be assumed.
If you put three kisses at the end of a message (xxx) that can get treated as Triple X - which means Adult X-Rated material, so the innocent comment in an email or innocent addition can render an email as spam and it will get rejected accordingly.
The way I deal with spam is to drop it immediately on the server - no questions asked. Most spam uses spoofed email addresses or invalid addresses so reply to invalid addresses will cause your outbound queues to back up or replying to spoofed addresses gets you listed as a spammer, so it is fruitless.
