I suspect that whatever problem the software has with a second IP address on the current NIC will probably rear its ugly head again with whatever you try (virtual or physical NIC). Any chance we can get more details on that to try to fix the underlying problem?
Hmm ... something has just occurred to me while looking back over your numbers. I assume you're using a subnet mask of 255.255.0.0. Are there any other subnets connected to this network, either physically or via VPN (or anything else)? If so, what are their ranges?
I'm thinking we could solve this with a bit of supernetting - change the subnet mask to 255.248.0.0 (just on the machine in question, for now, and possibly the MODBUS gateway), and the subnet would then include the range 10.8.0.1 - 10.15.255.254 so that the MODBUS would then be on the same subnet with the PC.
Of course, there might be unintended consequences related to this ... we'd need to make sure this won't cause conflicts with the rest of the network first. It's food for thought, though.
:)